The main SSLClient class. Check out README.md for more info. More...

#include <SSLClient.h>

Inheritance diagram for SSLClient< C, SessionCache >:

Public Member Functions
	SSLClient (const C &client, const br_x509_trust_anchor *trust_anchors, const size_t trust_anchors_num, const int analog_pin, const DebugLevel debug=SSL_WARN)
	Initialize SSLClient with all of the prerequisites needed. More...

int	connect (IPAddress ip, uint16_t port) override
	Connect over SSL to a host specified by an IP address. More...

int	connect (const char *host, uint16_t port) override
	Connect over SSL to a host specified by a hostname. More...

size_t	write (uint8_t b) override

size_t	write (const uint8_t *buf, size_t size) override
	Write some bytes to the SSL connection. More...

int	available () override
	Returns the number of bytes available to read from the data that has been received and decrypted. More...

int	read () override
	Read a single byte, or -1 if none is available. More...

int	read (uint8_t *buf, size_t size) override
	Read size bytes from the SSL client buffer, copying them into *buf, and return the number of bytes read. More...

int	peek () override
	View the first byte of the buffer, without removing it from the SSLClient Buffer. More...

void	flush () override
	Force writing the buffered bytes from SSLClient::write to the network. More...

void	stop () override
	Close the connection. More...

uint8_t	connected () override
	Check if the device is connected. More...

SSLSession &	getSession (const char *host, const IPAddress &addr)
	Gets a session reference corresponding to a host and IP, or a reference to a empty session if none exist. More...

void	removeSession (const char *host, const IPAddress &addr)
	Clear the session corresponding to a host and IP. More...

size_t	getSessionCount () const override
	Get the maximum number of SSL sessions that can be stored at once. More...

	operator bool ()
	Equivalent to SSLClient::connected() > 0. More...

bool	operator== (const bool value)

bool	operator!= (const bool value)

bool	operator== (const C &rhs)
	Returns whether or not two SSLClient objects have the same underlying client object. More...

bool	operator!= (const C &rhs)
	Returns whether or not two SSLClient objects do not have the same underlying client object. More...

uint16_t	localPort () override
	Returns the local port, C::localPort exists. Else return 0. More...

IPAddress	remoteIP () override
	Returns the remote IP, if C::remoteIP exists. Else return INADDR_NONE. More...

uint16_t	remotePort () override
	Returns the remote port, if C::remotePort exists. Else return 0. More...

C &	getClient ()
	Returns a reference to the client object stored in this class. Take care not to break it. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from SSLClientImpl
	SSLClientImpl (const br_x509_trust_anchor *trust_anchors, const size_t trust_anchors_num, const int analog_pin, const DebugLevel debug)

int	connect_impl (IPAddress ip, uint16_t port)

int	connect_impl (const char *host, uint16_t port)

size_t	write_impl (const uint8_t *buf, size_t size)

int	available_impl ()

int	read_impl (uint8_t *buf, size_t size)

int	peek_impl ()

void	flush_impl ()

void	stop_impl ()

uint8_t	connected_impl ()

SSLSession &	get_session_impl (const char *host, const IPAddress &addr)

void	remove_session_impl (const char *host, const IPAddress &addr)

Protected Member Functions
Client &	get_arduino_client () override
	Returns an instance of m_client that is polymorphic and can be used by SSLClientImpl. More...

const Client &	get_arduino_client () const override

SSLSession *	get_session_array () override
	Returns an instance of the session array that is on the stack. More...

const SSLSession *	get_session_array () const override

Protected Member Functions inherited from SSLClientImpl
void	m_print_prefix (const char *func_name, const DebugLevel level) const
	Prints a debugging prefix to all logs, so we can attatch them to useful information. More...

void	m_print_ssl_error (const int ssl_error, const DebugLevel level) const
	Prints the string associated with a write error. More...

void	m_print_br_error (const unsigned br_error_code, const DebugLevel level) const
	Print the text string associated with a BearSSL error code. More...

template<typename T >
void	m_print (const T str, const char *func_name, const DebugLevel level) const
	debugging print function, only prints if m_debug is true More...

template<typename T >
void	m_info (const T str, const char *func_name) const
	Prints a info message to serial, if info messages are enabled. More...

template<typename T >
void	m_warn (const T str, const char *func_name) const

template<typename T >
void	m_error (const T str, const char *func_name) const

Detailed Description

template<class C, size_t SessionCache = 1>
class SSLClient< C, SessionCache >

The main SSLClient class. Check out README.md for more info.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ SSLClient()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::SSLClient	(	const C &	client,
		const br_x509_trust_anchor *	trust_anchors,
		const size_t	trust_anchors_num,
		const int	analog_pin,
		const DebugLevel	debug = `SSL_WARN`
	)

inlineexplicit

Initialize SSLClient with all of the prerequisites needed.

Precondition: You will need to generate an array of trust_anchors (root certificates) based off of the domains you want to make SSL connections to. Check out the TrustAnchors.md file for more info.; The analog_pin should be set to input.

Parameters

client	The base network device to create an SSL socket on. This object will be copied and the copy will be stored in SSLClient.
trust_anchors	Trust anchors used in the verification of the SSL server certificate. Check out TrustAnchors.md for more info.
trust_anchors_num	The number of objects in the trust_anchors array.
analog_pin	An analog pin to pull random bytes from, used in seeding the RNG.
debug	The level of debug logging (use the DebugLevel enum).

Member Function Documentation

◆ available()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

int SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::available ( )

inlineoverride

Returns the number of bytes available to read from the data that has been received and decrypted.

This function updates the state of the SSL engine (including writing any data, see SSLClient::write) and as a result should be called periodically when expecting data. Additionally, since if there are no bytes and if SSLClient::connected is false this function returns zero (this same behavior is found in EthernetClient), it is prudent to ensure in your own code that the preconditions are met before checking this function to prevent an ambiguous result.

The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::available

Precondition: SSLClient::connected must be true.

Returns: The number of bytes available (can be zero), or zero if any of the pre conditions aren't satisfied.

◆ connect() [1/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

int SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::connect	(	IPAddress	ip,
		uint16_t	port
	)

inlineoverride

Connect over SSL to a host specified by an IP address.

SSLClient::connect(host, port) should be preferred over this function, as verifying the domain name is a step in ensuring the certificate is legitimate, which is important to the security of the device. Additionally, SSL sessions cannot be resumed when using this function, which can drastically increase initial connect time.

This function initializes the socket by calling m_client::connect(IPAddress, uint16_t) with the parameters supplied, then once the socket is open, uses BearSSL to to complete a SSL handshake. Due to the design of the SSL standard, this function will probably take an extended period (1-4sec) to negotiate the handshake and finish the connection. This function runs until the SSL handshake succeeds or fails.

SSL requires the client to generate some random bits (to be later combined with some random bits from the server), so SSLClient uses the least significant bits from the analog pin supplied in the constructor. The random bits are generated from 16 consecutive analogReads, and given to BearSSL before the handshake starts.

The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::connect_impl(IPAddress, uint16_t).

Precondition: The underlying client object (passed in through the constructor) is in a non- error state, and must be able to access the IP.; SSLClient can only have one connection at a time, so the client object must not already be connected.; There must be sufficient memory available on the device to verify the certificate (if the free memory drops below 8000 bytes during certain points in the connection, SSLClient will fail).; There must be a trust anchor given to the constructor that corresponds to the certificate provided by the IP address being connected to. For more information check out TrustAnchors.md .

Parameters

ip	The IP address to connect to
port	the port to connect to

Returns: 1 if success, 0 if failure

◆ connect() [2/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

int SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::connect	(	const char *	host,
		uint16_t	port
	)

inlineoverride

Connect over SSL to a host specified by a hostname.

This function initializes the socket by calling m_client::connect(const char*, uint16_t) with the parameters supplied, then once the socket is open, uses BearSSL to complete a SSL handshake. This function runs until the SSL handshake succeeds or fails.

SSL requires the client to generate some random bits (to be later combined with some random bits from the server), so SSLClient uses the least significant bits from the analog pin supplied in the constructor. The random bits are generated from 16 consecutive analogReads, and given to BearSSL before the handshake starts.

This function will usually take around 4-10 seconds. If possible, this function also attempts to resume the SSL session if one is present matching the hostname string, which will reduce connection time to 100-500ms. To read more about this functionality, check out Session Caching in the README.

The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::connect_impl(const char*, uint16_t)

Precondition: The underlying client object (passed in through the constructor) is in a non- error state, and must be able to access the IP.; SSLClient can only have one connection at a time, so the client object must not already be connected.; There must be sufficient memory available on the device to verify the certificate (if the free memory drops below 8000 bytes during certain points in the connection, SSLClient will fail).; There must be a trust anchor given to the constructor that corresponds to the certificate provided by the IP address being connected to. For more information check out TrustAnchors.md .

Parameters

host	The hostname as a null-terminated c-string ("www.google.com")
port	The port to connect to on the host (443 for HTTPS)

Returns: 1 of success, 0 if failure

◆ connected()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

uint8_t SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::connected ( )

inlineoverride

Check if the device is connected.

Use this function to determine if SSLClient is still connected and a SSL connection is active. It should be noted that SSLClient::available should be preferred over this function for rapid polling–both functions send and receive data with the SSLClient::m_client device, however SSLClient::available has some delays built in to protect SSLClient::m_client from being polled too frequently.

The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::connected_impl.

Returns: 1 if connected, 0 if not

◆ flush()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

void SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::flush ( )

inlineoverride

Force writing the buffered bytes from SSLClient::write to the network.

This function is blocking until all bytes from the buffer are written. For an explanation of how writing with SSLClient works, please see SSLClient::write. The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::flush.

◆ get_arduino_client() [1/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

Client& SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::get_arduino_client ( )

inlineoverrideprotectedvirtual

Returns an instance of m_client that is polymorphic and can be used by SSLClientImpl.

Implements SSLClientImpl.

◆ get_arduino_client() [2/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

const Client& SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::get_arduino_client ( ) const

inlineoverrideprotectedvirtual

Implements SSLClientImpl.

◆ get_session_array() [1/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

SSLSession* SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::get_session_array ( )

inlineoverrideprotectedvirtual

Returns an instance of the session array that is on the stack.

Implements SSLClientImpl.

◆ get_session_array() [2/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

const SSLSession* SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::get_session_array ( ) const

inlineoverrideprotectedvirtual

Implements SSLClientImpl.

◆ getClient()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

C& SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::getClient ( )

inline

Returns a reference to the client object stored in this class. Take care not to break it.

◆ getSession()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

SSLSession& SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::getSession	(	const char *	host,
		const IPAddress &	addr
	)

inline

Gets a session reference corresponding to a host and IP, or a reference to a empty session if none exist.

If no session corresponding to the host and IP exist, then this function will cycle through sessions in a rotating order. This allows the session cache to continually store sessions, however it will also result in old sessions being cleared and returned. In general, it is a good idea to use a SessionCache size equal to the number of domains you plan on connecting to.

The implementation for this function can be found at SSLClientImpl::get_session_impl.

Parameters

host	A hostname c string, or NULL if one is not available
addr	An IP address

Returns: A reference to an SSLSession object

◆ getSessionCount()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

size_t SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::getSessionCount ( ) const

inlineoverridevirtual

Get the maximum number of SSL sessions that can be stored at once.

Returns: The SessionCache template parameter.

Implements SSLClientImpl.

◆ localPort()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

uint16_t SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::localPort ( )

inlineoverridevirtual

Returns the local port, C::localPort exists. Else return 0.

Implements SSLClientImpl.

◆ operator bool()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::operator bool ( )

inline

Equivalent to SSLClient::connected() > 0.

Returns: true if connected, false if not

◆ operator!=() [1/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

bool SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::operator!= ( const bool value )

inline

See also: SSLClient::operator bool

◆ operator!=() [2/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

bool SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::operator!= ( const C & rhs )

inline

Returns whether or not two SSLClient objects do not have the same underlying client object.

◆ operator==() [1/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

bool SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::operator== ( const bool value )

inline

See also: SSLClient::operator bool

◆ operator==() [2/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

bool SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::operator== ( const C & rhs )

inline

Returns whether or not two SSLClient objects have the same underlying client object.

◆ peek()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

int SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::peek ( )

inlineoverride

View the first byte of the buffer, without removing it from the SSLClient Buffer.

The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::peek

Precondition: SSLClient::available must be >0

Returns: The first byte received, or -1 if the preconditions are not satisfied (warning: do not use if your data may be -1, as the return value is ambiguous)

◆ read() [1/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

int SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::read ( )

inlineoverride

Read a single byte, or -1 if none is available.

See also: SSLClient::read(uint8_t*, size_t)

◆ read() [2/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

int SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::read	(	uint8_t *	buf,
		size_t	size
	)

inlineoverride

Read size bytes from the SSL client buffer, copying them into *buf, and return the number of bytes read.

This function checks if bytes are ready to be read by calling SSLClient::available, and if so copies size number of bytes from the IO buffer into the buf pointer. Data read using this function will not include any SSL or socket commands, as the Client and BearSSL will capture those and process them separately.

If you find that you are having a lot of timeout errors, SSLClient may be experiencing a buffer overflow. Checkout README.md for more information.

The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::read_impl(uint8_t*, size_t)

Precondition: SSLClient::available must be >0

Parameters

buf	The pointer to the buffer to put SSL application data into
size	The size (in bytes) to copy to the buffer

Returns: The number of bytes copied (<= size), or -1 if the preconditions are not satisfied.

◆ remoteIP()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

IPAddress SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::remoteIP ( )

inlineoverridevirtual

Returns the remote IP, if C::remoteIP exists. Else return INADDR_NONE.

Implements SSLClientImpl.

◆ remotePort()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

uint16_t SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::remotePort ( )

inlineoverridevirtual

Returns the remote port, if C::remotePort exists. Else return 0.

Implements SSLClientImpl.

◆ removeSession()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

void SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::removeSession	(	const char *	host,
		const IPAddress &	addr
	)

inline

Clear the session corresponding to a host and IP.

The implementation for this function can be found at SSLClientImpl::remove_session_impl.

Parameters

host	A hostname c string, or NULL if one is not available
addr	An IP address

◆ stop()

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

void SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::stop ( )

inlineoverride

Close the connection.

If the SSL session is still active, all incoming data is discarded and BearSSL will attempt to close the session gracefully (will write to the network), and then call m_client::stop. If the session is not active or an error was encountered previously, this function will simply call m_client::stop. The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::peek.

◆ write() [1/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

size_t SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::write ( uint8_t b )

inlineoverride

See also: SSLClient::write(uint8_t*, size_t)

◆ write() [2/2]

template<class C , size_t SessionCache = 1>

size_t SSLClient< C, SessionCache >::write	(	const uint8_t *	buf,
		size_t	size
	)

inlineoverride

Write some bytes to the SSL connection.

Assuming all preconditions are met, this function writes data to the BearSSL IO buffer, BUT does not initially send the data. Instead, you must call SSLClient::available or SSLClient::flush, which will detect that the buffer is ready for writing, and will write the data to the network. Alternatively, if this function is requested to write a larger amount of data than SSLClientImpl::m_iobuf can handle, data will be written to the network in pages the size of SSLClientImpl::m_iobuf until all the data in buf is sent–attempting to keep all writes to the network grouped together. For information on why this is the case check out README.md .

The implementation for this function can be found in SSLClientImpl::write_impl(const uint8_t*, size_t)

Precondition: The socket and SSL layer must be connected, meaning SSLClient::connected must be true.; BearSSL must not be waiting for the recipt of user data (if it is, there is probably an error with how the protocol in implemented in your code).

Parameters

buf	the pointer to a buffer of bytes to copy
size	the number of bytes to copy from the buffer

Returns: The number of bytes copied to the buffer (size), or zero if the BearSSL engine fails to become ready for writing data.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:

C:/Users/Noah/Documents/Arduino/libraries/SSLClient/src/SSLClient.h

Public Member Functions

Protected Member Functions

Detailed Description

template<class C, size_t SessionCache = 1> class SSLClient< C, SessionCache >

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ SSLClient()

Member Function Documentation

◆ available()

◆ connect() [1/2]

◆ connect() [2/2]

◆ connected()

◆ flush()

◆ get_arduino_client() [1/2]

◆ get_arduino_client() [2/2]

◆ get_session_array() [1/2]

◆ get_session_array() [2/2]

◆ getClient()

◆ getSession()

◆ getSessionCount()

◆ localPort()

◆ operator bool()

◆ operator!=() [1/2]

◆ operator!=() [2/2]

◆ operator==() [1/2]

◆ operator==() [2/2]

◆ peek()

◆ read() [1/2]

◆ read() [2/2]

◆ remoteIP()

◆ remotePort()

◆ removeSession()

◆ stop()

◆ write() [1/2]

◆ write() [2/2]

template<class C, size_t SessionCache = 1>
class SSLClient< C, SessionCache >